Answer: The name of the general ledger that tracks all bitcoin transactions is blockchain.
Blockchain is a public, distributed ledger that records all Bitcoin transactions. Transactions are verified by network nodes through cryptography and recorded in a transparent, tamper-proof manner. Blockchain is the backbone of Bitcoin and other digital currencies, it guarantees the security of digital currency transactions and enables trustless peer-to-peer exchanges.
The blockchain is a distributed database that maintains a continuously-growing list of records, called blocks, secured from tampering and revision. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp, and transaction data. Bitcoin nodes use the block chain to differentiate legitimate Bitcoin transactions from attempts to re-spend coins that have already been spent elsewhere.